In mitochondria FeS clusters, prosthetic groups critical for the activity of many proteins, are first assembled on Isu, a 14-kDa scaffold protein, and then transferred to recipient apoproteins. The assembly process involves interaction of Isu with both Nfs1, the cysteine desulfurase serving as a sulfur donor, and the yeast frataxin homolog (Yfh1) serving as a regulator of desulfurase activity and/or iron donor.

Read More: Overlapping Binding Sites of the Frataxin Homologue Assembly Factor and the Heat Shock Protein 70 Transfer Factor on the Isu Iron-sulfur Cluster Scaffold Protein